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        <title>AGP-SMYDP1001</title>
        <editor>Roger S. Bagnall</editor>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>Encoded in XML from original publication</resp>
          <name>Tom Elliott</name>
          <name>David M. Ratzan</name>
          <name>Patrick J. Burns</name>
          <name>Georgios Tsolakis</name>
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        <respStmt>
          <resp>Created scripts automatically generating XML according to EpiDoc Guidelines</resp>
          <name>Hammad Ahmad</name>
          <name>Mackenzie Brooks</name>
          <name>Kyle Helms</name>
          <name>Sara Sprenkle</name>
          <name>Trevor Stalnaker</name>
        </respStmt>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>Principle Contributor</resp>
          <name>Roger S. Bagnall</name>
          <date>2016-10-03</date>
        </respStmt>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Ancient Graffiti Project</publisher>
        <idno ref="URI">https://ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/graffito/AGP-SMYDP1001</idno>
        <date>2026</date>
        <availability>
          <p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.</p>
        </availability>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl>
          <name>R.S. Bagnall</name>
          <name>R. Casagrande-Kim</name>
          <name>A. Ersoy</name>
          <name>C. Tanriver</name>
          <name>B. Yolaçan</name>
          <title level="m">Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna</title>
          <publisher>First published by the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World and the New York University Press, 2016.</publisher>
          <pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
          <date>2016</date>
        </bibl>
        <msDesc>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>EDR</repository>
            <idno>SMYDP1001</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>AGP</repository>
            <idno>AGP-SMYDP1001</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <physDesc>
            <objectDesc>
              <supportDesc>
                <support />
              </supportDesc>
              <layoutDesc>
                <layout>
                  Graffito/incised Dimensions:
                  <dimensions>
                    <height unit="centimeter">25</height>
                    <width unit="centimeter">22.5</width>
                  </dimensions>
                </layout>
              </layoutDesc>
            </objectDesc>
            <handDesc />
            <decoDesc>
              <decoNote xml:lang="la">((:navis))</decoNote>
              <decoNote xml:lang="en">boat</decoNote>
            </decoDesc>
          </physDesc>
          <history>
            <origin>
              <origPlace>
                <placeName ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771">Smyrna</placeName>
              </origPlace>
              <origDate notBefore-custom="0180" notAfter-custom="0300" datingMethod="#julian">0180-0300 C.E.</origDate>
            </origin>
            <provenance type="found">
              <placeName ref="ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/properties/Smyrna/Agora/1">Basilica of the Agora of Smyrna, Izmir, Turkey</placeName>
            </provenance>
          </history>
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    <profileDesc>
      <calendarDesc>
        <calendar xml:id="julian">
          <p>Julian calendar</p>
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        <p>Graffito of a ship sailing on port tack, possibly a liburna, located on the eastern face of Pier A100. The graffito is partially damaged by a large gap in the plaster that has destroyed the ship’s stern and the left half of the sail. The ship is characterized by a large central mast, which is covered in a motif of crisscrossing lines identifying the rigging. A set of vertical lines, also meant to represent the rigging as well as the sail’s brailing ropes, departs from the yard and reaches the ship’s deck, defining a large trapezoidal sail. Above the yard, a series of diagonal lines departing from the central mast (considerably narrower than the portion visible below the yard and terminating in a very stylized καρχήσιον) are part of the κηροῦχοι. The keel is flat, and the prow is slightly rounded. Above the gunwale is a lattice motif representing the boat’s sidescreen, suggesting that the liburna was of the cataphract type. The prow terminates with a short triangular στόλος with no ἀκροστόλιον above it. From the keel projects an exaggerated ἔμβολος, in the shape of a stylized penis, with a diagonal line on the tip identifying the epithelium, confirming that the vessel has to be interpreted as a navis rostrata.</p>
      </div>
      <div type="bibliography">
        <p>Bagnall, R. S. et al., Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna (2016): 430-431.</p>
      </div>
      <div type="summary">
        <p>Drawing of a boat</p>
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