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        <title>AGP-SMYD00284</title>
        <editor>Roger S. Bagnall</editor>
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          <resp>Encoded in XML from original publication</resp>
          <name>Tom Elliott</name>
          <name>David M. Ratzan</name>
          <name>Patrick J. Burns</name>
          <name>Georgios Tsolakis</name>
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          <name>Hammad Ahmad</name>
          <name>Mackenzie Brooks</name>
          <name>Kyle Helms</name>
          <name>Sara Sprenkle</name>
          <name>Trevor Stalnaker</name>
        </respStmt>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>Principle Contributor</resp>
          <name>Roger S. Bagnall</name>
          <date>2016-10-03</date>
        </respStmt>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Ancient Graffiti Project</publisher>
        <idno ref="URI">https://ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/graffito/AGP-SMYD00284</idno>
        <date>2026</date>
        <availability>
          <p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.</p>
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      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl>
          <name>R.S. Bagnall</name>
          <name>R. Casagrande-Kim</name>
          <name>A. Ersoy</name>
          <name>C. Tanriver</name>
          <name>B. Yolaçan</name>
          <title level="m">Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna</title>
          <publisher>First published by the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World and the New York University Press, 2016.</publisher>
          <pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
          <date>2016</date>
        </bibl>
        <msDesc>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>EDR</repository>
            <idno>SMYD00284</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>AGP</repository>
            <idno>AGP-SMYD00284</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <physDesc>
            <objectDesc>
              <supportDesc>
                <support />
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                <layout>
                  Charcoal Dimensions:
                  <dimensions>
                    <height unit="centimeter">39</height>
                    <width unit="centimeter">27</width>
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            <handDesc />
            <decoDesc>
              <decoNote xml:lang="la">((:pars gladiatoris))</decoNote>
              <decoNote xml:lang="en">part of a gladiator? scene uncertain</decoNote>
            </decoDesc>
          </physDesc>
          <history>
            <origin>
              <origPlace>
                <placeName ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771">Smyrna</placeName>
              </origPlace>
              <origDate notBefore-custom="0180" notAfter-custom="0300" datingMethod="#julian">0180-0300 C.E.</origDate>
            </origin>
            <provenance type="found">
              <placeName ref="ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/properties/Smyrna/Agora/1">Basilica of the Agora of Smyrna, Izmir, Turkey</placeName>
            </provenance>
          </history>
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        <calendar xml:id="julian">
          <p>Julian calendar</p>
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        <p>Dipinto located in the upper left quadrant of the back wall of Bay 25. The iconography of this graffito is uncertain. One hypothesis is that the drawing is part of a scene that involves also the headless gladiator positioned to the far left of the same wall (see D28.2). If this is the case, then it seems plausible to recognize in the object to the right a sort of scaffolding or hanging pole, depicted with two shorter diverging legs and a longer pole curving to the left at its top. Hanging from the top of the pole is the head of the gladiator, or at least his helmet, identifiable as the typical helmet worn by an eques from its visor and the lack of a crest. The three lines departing from the helmet’s neck-guard could represent gushes of blood coming from the decapitated head.</p>
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      <div type="bibliography">
        <p>Bagnall, R. S. et al., Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna (2016): 280-281.</p>
      </div>
      <div type="summary">
        <p>Drawing of a gladiator</p>
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