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        <title>AGP-SMYD00141</title>
        <editor>Roger S. Bagnall</editor>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>Encoded in XML from original publication</resp>
          <name>Tom Elliott</name>
          <name>David M. Ratzan</name>
          <name>Patrick J. Burns</name>
          <name>Georgios Tsolakis</name>
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          <resp>Created scripts automatically generating XML according to EpiDoc Guidelines</resp>
          <name>Hammad Ahmad</name>
          <name>Mackenzie Brooks</name>
          <name>Kyle Helms</name>
          <name>Sara Sprenkle</name>
          <name>Trevor Stalnaker</name>
        </respStmt>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>Principle Contributor</resp>
          <name>Roger S. Bagnall</name>
          <date>2016-10-03</date>
        </respStmt>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Ancient Graffiti Project</publisher>
        <idno ref="URI">https://ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/graffito/AGP-SMYD00141</idno>
        <date>2026</date>
        <availability>
          <p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.</p>
        </availability>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl>
          <name>R.S. Bagnall</name>
          <name>R. Casagrande-Kim</name>
          <name>A. Ersoy</name>
          <name>C. Tanriver</name>
          <name>B. Yolaçan</name>
          <title level="m">Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna</title>
          <publisher>First published by the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World and the New York University Press, 2016.</publisher>
          <pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
          <date>2016</date>
        </bibl>
        <msDesc>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>EDR</repository>
            <idno>SMYD00141</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>AGP</repository>
            <idno>AGP-SMYD00141</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <physDesc>
            <objectDesc>
              <supportDesc>
                <support />
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              <layoutDesc>
                <layout>
                  Charcoal Dimensions:
                  <dimensions>
                    <height unit="centimeter">48</height>
                    <width unit="centimeter">44</width>
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            </objectDesc>
            <handDesc />
            <decoDesc>
              <decoNote xml:lang="la">((:navis))</decoNote>
              <decoNote xml:lang="en">boat</decoNote>
            </decoDesc>
          </physDesc>
          <history>
            <origin>
              <origPlace>
                <placeName ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771">Smyrna</placeName>
              </origPlace>
              <origDate notBefore-custom="0180" notAfter-custom="0300" datingMethod="#julian">0180-0300 C.E.</origDate>
            </origin>
            <provenance type="found">
              <placeName ref="ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/properties/Smyrna/Agora/1">Basilica of the Agora of Smyrna, Izmir, Turkey</placeName>
            </provenance>
          </history>
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        <calendar xml:id="julian">
          <p>Julian calendar</p>
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        <p>Dipinto of a cargo vessel, located in the lower left quadrant of the back wall of Bay 14. The ship, possibly a medium sized oneraria sailing on port tack, is depicted as in full sail. At the ship’s center a tall and slightly oblique mast (ἱστός) sits on a raised deck, covered in a dense net of rigging. Toward its top, the yard (κέρας) is rendered with a single thick oblique line. The large sail (ἱστίον) is shown as billowed by a tail wind that propels the vessel forward. The sail is defined by a net of crisscrossing lines that delineate the rigging and the brailing ropes. Also visible is the system of ropes (generally known as τοπεῖα) that connect the yard to the mast, the yard to the stern, and the mast to the stern. The keel of the ship is quite flat at the bottom and rockers toward the stern and the prow. The prow is higher than the stern and terminates with a short and projecting στόλος rounded at the top. The stern is quite low and straight with no signs of the helmsman’s seat. One line running along the entire hull, roughly in the middle of it, can be interpreted as the indication of the ship’s waterway. No oars, oar posts, or rudders are visible.</p>
      </div>
      <div type="bibliography">
        <p>Bagnall, R. S. et al., Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna (2016): 176.&lt;br/&gt;                Pomey, P. 2006. “Les graffiti navals de l’agora. Etude preliminaire.” Anatolia Antiqua 14: 333, fig. 24.</p>
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        <p>Drawing of a boat</p>
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